Kyzylorda. Kyzylorda (Kazakh: ?????????????????? / Qyzylorda [q????z????or??d??] ()), formerly known as Kzyl-Orda (Russian: ????????-????????), Ak-Mechet (????-????????????), Perovsk (??????????????), Leninsk (??????????????), and Fort-Perovsky (????????-??????????????????), is a city in south-central Kazakhstan, capital of Kyzylorda Region and former capital of the Kazakh ASSR from 1925 to 1927. The city has a population of 242,462 (2020 Census). It historically developed around the Syr Darya river and was the site of a Kokand fortress. The population of the city with nearby villages is 312,861 (2020 Census). History A settlement existed under Seljuk, the founder of the Seljuk dynasty. The modern city began in 1817 as the site of a Kokand fortress known as Ak-Mechet, or white mosque. The later-famous Yaqub Beg was once the fort's commander,...